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GIỎI TIẾNG ANH – CHUẨN IELTS – HỌC IELTS MASTER
ESSAY OUTLINE
Type: DIAGRAM
🔷 Introduction:
The diagram shows how vegetation and temperature zones are different in tropical and temperate mountains.
🔷 Overview:
Tropical mountains are much higher and have more types of climate and plant zones. Temperate mountains are lower and have fewer zones, mostly cooler areas and grasslands near the top.
🔷 Detail Paragraph 1 (Tropical Mountains):
Tropical mountains are about 5,500 meters tall and have six zones. The bottom has tropical plants. The next zone is for crops like coffee and cocoa. Then, grains grow in the cool zone. Forests come next—broadleaf trees grow up to 3,000 meters, and pine and fir trees grow higher. At the top are meadows and permanent snow, starting around 4,400 meters.
🔷 Detail Paragraph 2 (Temperate Mountains):
Temperate mountains reach around 3,400 meters and have four main zones. The lowest zone grows grains, flax, and potatoes. Forests with broadleaf and spruce trees grow above that. Meadows are found near the top, and the snowy area starts at around 2,700 meters—lower than in tropical mountains.
The diagram compares the vertical zonation of vegetation and temperature zones in tropical and temperate mountains. It highlights the differences in altitude and plant growth patterns across various climatic zones.
Tropical mountains are significantly taller and display a broader diversity of climatic and vegetation zones. In contrast, temperate mountains are shorter and characterized by fewer ecological layers, mainly consisting of cooler zones and alpine meadows.
Tropical mountains reach an elevation of approximately 5,500 meters and consist of six distinct ecological zones. The base of these mountains, known as the warm zone, supports tropical vegetation and lies below 510 meters.
Above this is the temperate zone, where crops such as coffee and cocoa are cultivated.
Further uphill lies the cool zone, suitable for growing grains, between 2,000 and 3,000 meters. The forest region begins beyond this level, where broadleaf trees grow up to 3,000 meters, while coniferous trees like pine and fir thrive until 4,000 meters.
The uppermost zones include alpine meadows and a permanent snowcap, with the snow line beginning at around 4,400 meters.
Temperate mountains, which peak at approximately 3,400 meters, are divided into four major zones. The cool zone lies below 5,000 feet (around 1,500 meters) and supports crops such as grains, flax, and potatoes.
Above this region is the forest zone, where broadleaf species grow just below 5,000 feet, while spruce trees dominate areas up to 6,000 feet.
Alpine meadows are found above the tree line, transitioning into a snow-covered summit. The snow line starts at around 2,700 meters, significantly lower than in tropical mountains due to regional climatic differences.
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